[Seminars] PSB event reminder
contact at psb.vib-ugent.be
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Wed May 26 14:10:01 CEST 2010
Calendar Name: seminars
Scheduled for: Friday, May 28 2010, 14:00 - 15:30
Event text: Dr Raphaël Mercier
Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes
INRA - Centre de Versailles Grignon
FRANCE
Details: "Turning meiosis into mitosis and other games with
meiosis"
ABSTRACT
Apomixis, or asexual clonal reproduction through seeds,
is of immense interest due to its potential
revolutionary application in agriculture. One key
element of apomixis is apomeiosis, a deregulation of
meiosis which results in a mitotic-like division.
Meiosis halves the chromosome number because its two
divisions follow a single round of DNA replication. This
process involves two cell transitions, the prophase to
meiosis I transition and the unique meiosis I to meiosis
II transition. We show that OSD1 and the A-type cyclin
CYCA1;2/TAM play a major role in both transitions in
Arabidopsis. A series of osd and tam mutants failed to
enter meiosis II and thus produced diploid spores and
functional diploid gametes. These diploid spores had a
recombined genotype produced through the single meiosis
I division. Combining tam and osd1 mutations lead to a
failure in the prophase to meiosis I transition during
male meiosis and to the production of tetraploid spores
and gametes. This suggests that TAM and OSD1 are
involved in the control of both meiotic transitions.
In addition, by combining either the osd or the tam
mutation with two others affecting key meiotic processes
(spo11-1 and rec8), we obtained plants producing diploid
gametes through a mitotic-like division, that were
genetically identical to their parents. The obtained
plants, called MiMe-1 and MiMe-2 respectively, produce
functional diploid gametes that are genetically
identical to their mother. Creation of the MiMe
genotypes and apomeiosis phenotype is an important step
towards understanding and engineering apomixis.
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