Plant growth and development strongly depends on the activities of meristems, which can generate flowers, leaves or new branches. The number, size, position and identity of meristems ultimately determines how many seeds a plant can generate, or the size of its fruits. The last decades have allowed immense progress in our understanding of basic meristem activities, mostly with lab model plants such as Arabidopsis. Grasses like barley are important crop plants, and we are now starting to employ knowledge on meristems to investigate how barley architecture is determined. But there are also fundamental biological questions that we can now address using barley, and Prof Rüdiger Simon will report on some new unexpected discoveries that they made recently.
Genome editing, cutting-edge technology for a sustainable agriculture